第三节 熟悉题型
职称考试中的阅读理解部分题型相对稳定，只要熟悉它们的出题方法与做法，并进行有针对性的训练，就能大幅度提高成绩。常见的题型主要有：
一、主旨题
这类问题主要测试考生把握主题与中心思想的能力。主要形式有：
1. The main idea of this passage is ________.
2. The passage mainly discusses ________.
3. What is the passage primarily concerned about?
4. What is the main topic of this passage?
除了上述直接形式外，还有隐蔽型主旨题：
Which of the following is the author's advice to the reader?
标题是主旨题的变体。主要形式有：
1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
2. The best title for this passage might be ________.
作者的态度、写作目的与主题和中心思想关系密切，可以看做主旨题的延伸。主要形式有：
问写作目的：
1. The author writes this passage mainly to ________.
2. The author's purpose in writing this passage is ________.
问态度：
1. The author's attitude towards ... is ________.
2. The tone of this passage can be described as ________.
此外，对于文章内容、风格与读者对象的评判也可归入此类题型。如：
1. The passage appears to be (is most likely) a part of ________.
2. Where would this passage most probably be found?
二、细节题
这类问题测试考生把握文章细节的能力，主要与文中的考点相联系，如：最高级、惟一性、其他对比、数字年代、原因等。主要形式有：
（－）是非题（三正一误或三误一正）
1. Which of the following is TRUE?
2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
3. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in Paragraph ×?
(二）例证题
The author gives an example in Paragraph × mainly to show that ________.
（三）其他具体题，如问原因的
1) Which of the following may lead to (cause) ________.
2) The main reason for ... is ________.
三、词义题
这类问题主要测试考生使用词语搭配和根据上下文判断词义的能力。主要形式有：
1. The word "..." in Line (Paragraph) × most probably means ________.
2. In Paragraph × , the word "..." refers to (stands for) ________.
3. The word "..." in Paragraph × can be best replaced by ________.
指代题["It" ("They") in Line × most probably refers to ________.] 和句子意思题 (Which of the following statements is closest is meaning to the sentence "..." in Paragraph ×?) 也可以归入此类。
四、推理题
这类问题主要测试考生能否在理解字面意义的基础上，根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推理，进而理解文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
主要形式有：
1. It is implied in the passage that ________.
2. The passage implies (suggests) that ________.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
4. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.
5. From the passage we can infer (draw the conclusion) that ________.
